The Chinese language web big ByteDance has made a few of the world’s hottest apps: TikTok and, in China, Douyin and Toutiao.
In the USA, TikTok claims 170 million customers. However in China, about 700 million use the home model, Douyin, and 300 million scroll the headlines on Toutiao, a information app. Each video that ByteDance’s customers watch or put up provides the corporate one other knowledge level about how individuals use the web. For years, ByteDance has utilized that wealth of knowledge to make its apps extra interesting, enhancing its capability to advocate content material to maintain customers hooked.
ByteDance can also be utilizing the information because the linchpin of a rising enterprise in synthetic intelligence. The corporate has invested billions of {dollars} within the infrastructure wanted to energy A.I. methods, constructing huge knowledge facilities in China and Southeast Asia and shopping for up superior semiconductors. ByteDance can also be on an A.I. hiring spree.
ByteDance is greatest identified exterior China for TikTok, an app so common that at least 20 governments have adopted partial bans over considerations about its affect on nationwide safety and public opinion.
Concern over how ByteDance makes use of knowledge has pushed lawmakers in Washington to attempt to drive a sale of TikTok’s U.S. operations. On Friday, President Trump prolonged a looming deadline by 75 days into mid-June.
However in China all that knowledge has helped ByteDance broaden its enterprise far past social media and achieve an edge within the world race to construct superior A.I. know-how.
“ByteDance has all this knowledge, on a regular basis, from tens of millions of customers,” mentioned Wei Solar, a principal analyst in synthetic intelligence at Counterpoint Analysis in Beijing.
Officers in Beijing have pushed China’s tech corporations to pivot from leisure apps to what the federal government sees as an existential purpose: self-reliance in cutting-edge applied sciences that even have navy purposes, like semiconductors, supercomputers and synthetic intelligence.
ByteDance has embraced that mission. Final 12 months, the corporate spent roughly $11 billion on infrastructure like knowledge facilities, networking gear and pc chips, in accordance with a report by Zheshang Securities, a Chinese language monetary agency.
The Biden administration arrange guidelines to attempt to hold Chinese language corporations from gaining access to these sorts of chips, notably ones made by Nvidia, the Silicon Valley big. However ByteDance has discovered methods to get the computing energy it wants to coach its methods — partially through the use of knowledge facilities exterior China and almost certainly, analysts say, by shopping for chips made by Chinese language chipmakers like Huawei and Cambricon.
Whereas these Chinese language-made chips can not do all the pieces the Nvidia chips can do, they work nicely sufficient to assist corporations like ByteDance present A.I. providers to individuals and companies in China. Chinese language tech corporations have been “inspired to undertake native choices” for getting chips, mentioned Lian Jye Su, an analyst at Omdia, a market analysis agency.
All this spending has helped ByteDance make some of the common synthetic intelligence apps in China. Its chatbot, Doubao, gained 60 million customers inside its first three months available on the market final 12 months. It was China’s hottest chatbot, beating rivals made by Baidu and Alibaba-backed Moonshot, till the start-up DeepSeek launched its personal this 12 months.
ByteDance confirmed how carefully related its app ecosystem is with its A.I. efforts when it lately began permitting some customers to talk with Doubao contained in the Douyin app.
In 2021, ByteDance began Volcano Engine, a enterprise that lets different corporations pay to make use of the applied sciences that made TikTok, Douyin and Toutiao so addictive, like instruments to research data and the algorithms that advocate movies.
A few of these providers have been pure purposes of the know-how that ByteDance developed for Douyin and TikTok, like filters that may make individuals seem a lot older or superimpose sparkly hearts on their faces. ByteDance used its expertise making these filters to assist corporations like Haier and Hisense develop movement-tracking know-how for gesture-controlled house home equipment like sensible televisions.
GAC Group, certainly one of China’s largest makers of electrical autos, is utilizing Volcano Engine to translate and handle knowledge for vehicles bought exterior China. And Mercedes-Benz mentioned final 12 months that it could use Volcano Engine in its in-car voice assistant and navigation system in China.
ByteDance didn’t reply to a request for remark.
Firm job postings present that ByteDance is hiring for tons of of A.I.-related roles. The corporate lately directed its engineering group to give attention to a milestone that tech corporations like OpenAI, Google and DeepSeek are additionally chasing — making an A.I. system that’s as sensible as or smarter than people, sometimes called synthetic basic intelligence.
Whereas many Chinese language corporations have began A.I. tasks, a a lot smaller quantity have the sources to put money into the personnel and computing energy wanted to advance the know-how. Some consultants anticipate {that a} analysis group someplace on this planet will make this sort of system throughout the subsequent 12 months or two.
Claire Fu contributed analysis from Seoul.
